# @mackinprof on Instagram

- **Type:** Image
- **Original URL:** https://www.instagram.com/p/DJ1gAZfNzOn
- **Gondola URL:** https://gondola.cc/posts/59739479-mackinprof-instagram
- **Thumbnail:** https://img.gondola.cc/tr:w-,h-,fo-auto/postThumbnails/4dfdf05a2a.jpg
- **Posted:** 2025-05-19T12:56:40.000+00:00
- **Account Owner:** Stuart Phillips (@mackinprof) — https://gondola.cc/mackinprof

## Caption

Men and Women — humans — are MUCH closer in their physiology than rodents and humans:
Let’s base human conclusions on human research… why males and females are much more similar than many claim!

Recent human trials demonstrate post-exercise protein ingestion stimulates muscle protein synthesis equally in men and women. West et al. measured myofibrillar protein synthesis after resistance exercise and 25 g whey protein, finding similar 1–5 h and 24–28 h recovery MPS between sexes despite a 45-fold difference in testosterone (PMID: 22383503).

A Bayesian meta-analysis by Refalo et al. reports negligible differences in relative muscle-size gains after standardized resistance training in healthy adults (Exp. % change 0.69%; 95% HDI: –1.50 to 2.88) (PMID: 40028215). Roberts et al. also found no significant sex difference in hypertrophy effect sizes (ES = 0.07 ± 0.06; P = 0.31)

Sources
(PMID: 32218059).

Concerns that estrogen loss at menopause impairs hypertrophy are unsupported by human data. Jones et al. found no sex difference in relative muscle-size adaptations in adults over 50 (g = 0.10; 95% CI: –0.04 to 0.23; P = 0.16) 
 (PMID: 33332016), a finding echoed by Hawley et al. in older adults ≥60 y (no difference in relative changes across sexes) 
 (PMID: 37507092).

Despite rodent studies suggesting sex-specific responses, male and female humans — as members of the same species — respond far more similarly to training and nutrition than any rodent model. Trust human research when shaping advice for both men and women. Women are much more like smaller men than they are like rats!

#MuscleHypertrophy #ProteinSynthesis #ResistanceTraining #GenderEquity #WomenInFitness #FastedTraining #HumanResearch #EvidenceBasedExercise #ExerciseScience #PostMenopause #HormoneNeutral #StrengthTraining #ProteinTiming #SameSpeciesSameResponse #MuscleScience #TrainingNutrition #ExerciseEquality #HypertrophyForAll #NoGenderGap #ScienceNotHype

## Stats

- **Views:** 0
- **Likes:** 651
- **Shares:** 0
- **Comments:** 19

## Tags

samespeciessameresponse, proteinsynthesis, postmenopause, proteintiming, musclescience, hypertrophyforall, resistancetraining, exerciseequality, womeninfitness, sciencenothype, hormoneneutral, exercisescience, evidencebasedexercise, musclehypertrophy, fastedtraining, trainingnutrition, strengthtraining, nogendergap, humanresearch, genderequity

---
Copyright (c) Gondola