3..2..1... Fire! Rocket engine nozzles operate in extreme temperatures and pressures from the combustion process and are complex and expensive to manufacture. That is why a team of engineers at our Marshall Space Flight Center (NASA_Marshall) developed and proved out a new 3-D printing technique for nozzle fabrication that can greatly reduce costs and development time. This new process was developed and advanced at NASA to build a less-expensive nozzle in significantly less time. While nozzles may look simple from the outside, they are actually very complex. The new method employs a wire-based additive manufacturing process to precisely close out the nozzle coolant channels, which contain the high pressure coolant fluid that protects the walls from the high temperatures a nozzle must withstand. Through hot-fire testing, engineers put the nozzle seen here through its paces, accumulating more than 1,040 seconds at high combustion chamber pressures and temperatures. Now, this technology...