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The amazing dancing lights we can see close to the North and South Poles of Earth happen on other planets, too, and NASAWebb captured new details of auroras on the biggest planet in our solar system. Observations show that auroras on Jupiter are huge in size and are also hundreds of times more energetic than auroras on Earth.
On Earth, auroras are caused by solar storms. When charged particles rain down on the upper atmosphere, it excites gases and causes them to glow colors of red, green, and purple. On Jupiter, there's an additional source of auroras — the magnetic field of the gas giant grabs charged particles from its surroundings, including its tumultuous volcanic moon, Io.
Io’s estimated 400 volcanoes spew particles that escape the moon’s gravity and orbit Jupiter. During a solar storm, a barrage of charged particles is unleashed onto the planet. Jupiter’s large and powerful magnetic field captures charged particles and accelerates them to tremen...
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