Talal Shafiq Makhlouf, Brigadier General and former Commander of the Republican Guard, was one of the regime’s most ruthless field commanders and a close cousin of Bashar al-Assad. As head of the 105th Brigade and later the Republican Guard, Makhlouf oversaw massacres, starvation sieges, forced displacement campaigns, and the widespread destruction of civilian infrastructure in Eastern Ghouta, Aleppo, and Wadi Barada. View the full dossier on Makhlouf and other war criminals at setf.ngo/cards