Shane Smith sits down with Julian Kelly, Senior Director of Hardware at Google Quantum AI and architect of the groundbreaking Willow chip, to map out the next frontier of computing. Kelly explains how Google’s 100plusqubit processors now complete benchmark tasks in minutes that would outlive the universe on today’s fastest supercomputers, why errorcorrected “logical” qubits are the last hurdle to practical machines, and which realworld problems will fall first once quantum power comes online. Along the way they tackle encryption panic, AI synergy, the global quantum race, and the mindbending philosophy behind manyworlds. Conversation Highlights: - Willow & “beyondclassical” benchmarks: 10²⁵year speedup over conventional supercomputers - Roadmap milestones → quantum supremacy → scalable error correction → “Milestone 3” logical qubit - Drug discovery, battery chemistry, fertilizer synthesis, fusion research & other early killer apps - Postquantum cryptography and the myth vs. realit...