Can Women Store Carbs and Glycogen Load? • Tarnopolsky et al. (1995) found that women did not increase muscle glycogen in response to a 4-day carb-loading protocol (55→75% of energy), whereas men showed a +41% increase in glycogen and +45% performance time. Women also oxidized more fat and less carbohydrate/protein during submaximal exercise PMID 7615443 | DOI 10.1152/jappl.1995.78.4.1360 (this is actually a consistent finding as women are far more metabolically flexible than men) • Tarnopolsky et al. (2001) then showed that when extra energy+carb (-34% extra energy at 75% carb) was provided, women did increase muscle glycogen from ~629 to ~738 mmol · kg⁻¹ dry mass—matching men’s gains. No sex differences appeared in pro-/macroglycogen proportion or hexokinase activity PMID: 11408434 DOI: 10.1152/jappl.2001.91.1.225 • Stellingwerff & Cox (2014) systematic review confirms that carb supplementation improves performance across durations and that ≥8 g CHO · kg⁻¹ FFM · day⁻¹ is needed f...