In this model, the colored field patterns represent the amplitude and phase of electromagnetic waves as they propagate through space and interact with a structured antenna aperture. Each alternating band corresponds to oscillating electric and magnetic field components, visualizing how energy moves outward from the antenna array. Phased array antennas work by controlling the relative phase of signals emitted from multiple antenna elements. By introducing carefully timed phase shifts between elements, the system can steer the direction of the radiated beam electronically, without any mechanical movement. This enables rapid scanning, adaptive beamforming, and highly precise target detection. The simulation uses the Finite-Difference Time-Domain approach to discretize both space and time. Maxwell’s curl equations are converted into difference equations and solved step-by-step on a grid. At each timestep, the electric and magnetic fields update based on their neighboring values, allowing...