Ball lightning might be the most controversial phenomenon in atmospheric science – and no, this isn’t CGI or AI-generated content. It’s real, it’s rare, and physics still can’t fully explain it. For centuries, eyewitness accounts were dismissed as hallucinations or misidentified St. Elmo’s fire. That changed when peer-reviewed observations started stacking up: • Ball lightning appears as a luminous, spherical orb ranging from 1 to 100 cm in diameter • It typically lasts between 1 and 30 seconds, far longer than any conventional electrical discharge • It has been reported to pass through solid objects, including glass windows, without leaving damage • Surface temperatures remain a mystery, with estimates ranging from 100 to 30,000 degrees Celsius depending on the model • It moves independently of wind currents, sometimes hovering, sometimes traveling horizontally The leading hypotheses are still being debated. Kapitsa proposed standing electromagnetic wave theory in 1955. Abraha...