The Toyan 28cc V8: a full internal combustion engine you can hold in two hands A V8 packs eight cylinders into two banks set in a V around a shared crankshaft. The 28cc Toyan build scales that layout down to about 3.5cc per cylinder, small enough to sit on a desk and still run on real combustion. How the four-stroke cycle works in each cylinder: - Intake: the piston moves down and pulls in the air and fuel charge through the intake valve - Compression: both valves close and the piston squeezes the charge, raising its pressure and temperature - Power: the charge ignites and the expanding gas drives the piston down, turning the crank - Exhaust: the piston rises and pushes the burned gas out through the exhaust valve Each cylinder fires once every two crank revolutions, or every 720 degrees. Spread eight cylinders across that window and a power stroke begins every 90 degrees of rotation. That overlap is why a V8 runs so smoothly compared with engines that have fewer cylinders. What ma...